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Gold, as a globally important strategic resource, its mining technology is directly related to resource utilisation efficiency, production safety and ecological protection. With the gradual depletion of shallow gold resources and increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the traditional mining model has been difficult to meet the needs of the modern mining industry.
Technical complexity
Gold mining involves geological exploration, engineering design, equipment selection and other multidisciplinary intersections, and requires precise control of the shape of the ore body, grade and stability of the rock layer. For example, the combination of geophysical exploration and remote sensing technology can draw high-precision three-dimensional models of the ore body, providing a scientific basis for the mining programme.
High Risk
Deep well operations face safety risks such as rock collapse and harmful gas leakage. Through real-time monitoring system and intelligent early warning technology, the accident rate of a gold mine has been reduced by 60%, and the safety management level has been significantly improved.
Resource Dependence
The non-renewable nature of gold resources requires efficient utilisation. By adopting bio-oxidation, heap leaching and other technologies, the recovery rate of low-grade ore has been increased to 80%, and the utilisation rate of resources has been greatly improved.
Technology highlights: stripping the overburden, directly mining the surface ore body, with large excavators and GPS positioning, to achieve accurate operation.
Application example: An open-pit gold mine has an annual production of 50 tonnes, shortening the mining cycle by 40% and reducing costs by 25%.
Environmental challenges: Through vegetation restoration and waste rock backfilling, the re-greening rate of the mining area is increased to 70%, and the ecological restoration cycle is shortened to 5 years.
Technological breakthrough: using tailing sand and waste rock to backfill the mining area to stabilise the rock layer and reduce surface collapse.
Advantage: After adopting cemented filling in a deep well gold mine, the risk of collapse was reduced by 90%, and the comprehensive utilisation rate of tailings reached 85%.
Innovation direction: research and development of lightweight and environmentally friendly filling materials to further reduce transport energy consumption and costs.
Core design: For ore bodies with small inclination angle and good continuity, adopt longwall mining method and mechanised equipment to achieve continuous operation.
Case results: Resource recovery rate of a gently inclined ore body was increased to 78%, and underground transport efficiency was improved by 30%.
Green practice: Closed dust collection system reduces the dust concentration in the operating environment by 80% and significantly improves the occupational health of miners.
Technical principle: inducing the collapse of the ore body through controlled blasting, combined with real-time monitoring of stress changes through the Internet to ensure safety.
Application Scenario: After adopting the collapse method for a thick and large ore body, the annual production capacity exceeded 1 million tonnes and the mining cost was reduced by 35%.
Intelligent upgrading: AI algorithm optimises the blasting parameters, the uniformity of ore crushing is increased by 50%, and the subsequent beneficiation efficiency is significantly improved.
High-precision Exploration Technology
Combining gravity and magnetic exploration with geological radar, the error of ore body positioning is less than 5m, and the exploration cycle is shortened by 50%.
Directional drilling technology achieves accurate sampling of deep ore bodies with a core rate of 95%, providing reliable data for mining design.
Intelligent Mining System
5G remote control of shovelling machines and driverless mining trucks reduces manpower costs by 40% and improves operational efficiency by 60% in one mine.
Digital twin technology simulates the mining process and optimises the scheme design, reducing resource waste by 20%.
Green Cycle System
Wastewater closed-loop treatment system makes the heavy metal removal rate exceed 98%, saving 500,000 tonnes of water annually.
Rare earth elements are extracted from tailings, and building materials are made from waste stones, with the comprehensive utilisation rate of resources exceeding 90%, moving towards the goal of ‘zero waste’.
Fourth, the future outlook: technology-enabled gold industry
Comprehensive unmanned: the deep integration of self-driving equipment and AI scheduling system realises 24-hour unmanned operation in the mine.
Zero-carbon mine: hydrogen-powered equipment replaces diesel machinery, photovoltaic energy storage and power supply, cutting carbon emissions by 70%.
Ecological synergy: ecological restoration of the mining area and community co-construction are combined to create a ‘mine park’, realising a win-win situation for both economy and ecology.
Technological innovation in gold mining engineering has not only improved resource utilisation efficiency and safety, but also reshaped the relationship between mining and nature. From open pit mining to deep shaft intelligent operation, from traditional blasting to green filling, every technological breakthrough is injecting power for sustainable development. In the future, with the deep integration of intelligence and greening, gold mining will no longer just be a resource extraction, but a model of symbiosis between technology and ecology.
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