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Against the backdrop of accelerated global industrialisation and surging demand for mineral resources, traditional mining methods are facing challenges such as low efficiency, high safety risks and environmental pressure. Modern mining technology has injected innovative power into the mining industry by integrating intelligence, automation and green technology, and become a key engine to improve resource utilisation, ensure safe production and achieve sustainable development. This paper will systematically analyse the core application and advantages of modern mining technology, showing its transformative role in mining engineering.
I. High-efficiency mining process technology: breaking through the capacity bottleneck
Technology highlights: cancellation of the traditional bottom structure, through the segmented tunnel directly for ore crashing and transport, to achieve the whole process of mechanised operation.
Application advantages:
Efficiency Improvement: Mechanised operation shortens the mining cycle, for example, the production efficiency of a mine has increased by 30% after adoption.
Cost optimisation: Reduced manual intervention and roadway maintenance costs, reducing overall costs by 15%-20%.
Safety guarantee: reserving pillars to support the ore body, effectively preventing cave-in accidents.
Technology highlights: Designed for thick rock layer, through the coordinated operation of high-power coal mining machine and hydraulic support, it can achieve ‘one-time mining of full height’.
Application Scenario: Suitable for coal and other thick bed deposits, such as a coal mine in Shanxi, after adopting this technology, the resource recovery rate has increased to 85%.
Core value:
Reduce the number of layer mining, shorten the construction period;
Optimise equipment configuration and reduce the difficulty of roadway maintenance.
Highlights: Using tailing sand, waste rock and other materials to backfill the mining area, combining safety reinforcement and environmental protection benefits.
Comparison of types:
Dry filling: low cost, suitable for small scale mining;
Cemented filling: high strength, suitable for deep mining.
Environmental benefits: reduce the risk of surface subsidence, tailings utilisation rate up to 70%, help the goal of ‘no waste mine’.
Intelligent Mining Technology: Towards an Unmanned Future
Technological breakthrough: Through sensors and wireless communication technology, it realises remote control and autonomous navigation of equipment such as shovels and rock drills.
Case effect: After the application in Sweden's Kivina iron ore mine, manpower costs were reduced by 40% and the accident rate dropped by 60%.
Core functions:
Real-time obstacle avoidance and fault diagnosis;
Continuous operation scheduling optimisation to improve equipment utilisation.
Technology Integration: Relying on Internet of Things, big data and cloud computing, it builds an integrated platform of ‘monitoring-analysis-warning’.
Application value:
Safe production: real-time monitoring of gas concentration and ground pressure changes, with an early warning accuracy rate of 90%;
Efficiency upgrading: data analysis optimises the mining plan, shortening the mining cycle of a gold mine by 25%;
Cost control: equipment failure prediction and maintenance, reducing repair costs by 30%.
Environmental protection and resource-saving technology: guarding green water and green mountains
Technical principle: selectively dissolve the metal components in the ore through chemical solvents to achieve efficient recovery of low-grade ore.
Application Scenario:
Heap leaching: Applicable to open pit low-grade gold mines, with recovery rate increased to 80%;
In-situ leaching: reduce surface disturbance and ecological damage.
Environmental protection advantage: wastewater discharge reduced by 50%, land reclamation cycle shortened by 40%.
Wastewater treatment: adopting the combination process of ‘precipitation + biodegradation + membrane separation’, the removal rate of heavy metals is over 95%;
Waste gas purification: catalytic oxidation technology reduces sulfide and nitrogen oxides by 80%;
Benchmark case: a copper mine through the closed-loop water recycling system, annual water savings of 1 million tonnes, environmental compliance rate of 100%.
Fourth, the future outlook: technology-driven mining industry new ecology
Comprehensive intelligence: 5G and AI are deeply integrated to achieve ‘unmanned’ operation in mines;
Zero-carbon target: hydrogen energy equipment and photovoltaic power supply system replace traditional energy sources, reducing carbon emissions by 60%;
Circular economy: extract rare earths from tailings, make building materials from waste rock, and the comprehensive utilisation rate of resources exceeds 90%.
Conclusion
Modern mining technology is leading the mining industry from ‘rough’ to ‘fine’ leap. Whether it is high-efficiency mining, intelligent control, or green transformation, these technologies not only reduce costs and increase efficiency for enterprises, but also reshape a new pattern of harmonious coexistence between the mining industry and nature. Embracing technological innovation and practising sustainable development will become the core competitiveness of mining enterprises in the future.
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