The Beneficiation Process of Copper-Lead-Zinc Ore

The beneficiation process of copper-lead-zinc ore, as an important metal mineral resource, is crucial for the effective utilization of resources and the realization of economic value. Complex and refractory copper-lead-zinc polymetallic ores are characterized by the coexistence of multiple metals, fine dissemination grain size, complex ore structure and texture, and high mud content, making the beneficiation process challenging. However, through continuous research and practice, a relatively complete beneficiation process has been developed.

Firstly, the properties of the ore are analyzed. The main components of the raw ore include iron and zinc, with pyrite and quartz as the main components, and chalcopyrite accounting for a relatively large proportion. The content of magnetite is between 15% and 20%. During beneficiation, sodium water glass/sodium sulfate solution can be added as appropriate to improve utilization, while the dosage of potassium silicate leaching agent should be controlled to avoid hazards. The structure and texture of the ore have a significant impact on beneficiation. Different origins and degrees of metamorphism lead to complex and diverse minerals. The dissemination characteristics of minerals also affect the beneficiation quality, as multiple elements change the composition and structure of the ore during the crystallization process.

The beneficiation test is a crucial link. In the grinding fineness test, classification is carried out according to the characteristics of the mine, and the content, morphology, and quality of various minerals in the ore are measured. The selection of grinding particle size is a key indicator in beneficiation technology design.

The flotation test includes multiple aspects. In copper flotation, the dosage of lime needs to be controlled between 3% and 5% to ensure good indicators of a copper concentrate grade of 20.06% and a copper recovery rate of 82.05%. The copper flotation collector dosage test shows that when using xanthate, the dosage of the flotation agent should be appropriately increased, and when using a copper collector, it should be appropriately decreased. In the lead depressant dosage test, mineral characteristics need to be comprehensively considered, and screening criteria suitable for different types of copper-zinc polymetallic deposits are determined through numerous experiments.

In zinc flotation, in the zinc activator dosage test, the sample needs to be pretreated, and the optimal dosage is 1mL/min. In the zinc collector test, when kerosene is used as the zinc collector, its optimal dosage is 1/3 of that of kerosene.

In the flotation tests of copper, lead, gold, and sulfur, corresponding methods and processes are used respectively. The full-flow closed-circuit test is carried out according to the particularity of mine resources. On the premise of meeting the recovery target, the consumption of reagents is reduced, and the beneficiation recovery rate is increased.

Through the research and practice of the beneficiation process of complex and refractory copper-lead-zinc polymetallic ores, and by continuously optimizing each link, the rational utilization of resources can be achieved, economic benefits can be improved, and strong support is provided for the sustainable development of mineral resources.